08级商英翻译考试复习资料——翻译修改

四、翻译修改:
 
1、And I get more fun out of the results than I did out of the processes doing the business.
   我在做生意的过程中找到的快乐要远比在其结果中找到的快乐多得多。
(重复英语前置词短语前所省略的名词)
 
2、You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase you like best.
我书架上的小说你最爱哪一本,你就可以借哪一本
  英语中强势关系代词或强势关系副词whoever,whenever,wherever)等等,翻译时往往使用重复法处理。
 
3、If I had known it,I would not have joined in it.
  早知如此,我就不参加了。
注:表示条件的连接词if,一般译为“假如”、“如果”,但在日常口语体或文言文结构中,往往可以省略不译
 
4、In July,1 956,Egypt had seized the Suez Canal.
一九五六年七月,埃及占领了苏伊士运河。或:埃及于一九五六年七月占领了苏伊士运河
    注:表示时间和地点的英语前置词,译成汉语如出现在句首,大都可以省略,出现在句尾大都不省略。
 
5、All happy families are alike, but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.
凡是幸福的家庭无不大同小异,但不幸的家庭则各有不幸的情形。
英语中用物主代词its,his,their等等以代替句中作主语的名词(有时附有修饰语))时,翻译时往往可以不用代词而重复其作主语的名词(有时附有修饰语),以达到明确具体的目的。
 
6、Help yourself to whatever you prefer.
爱吃什么就随便吃什么
英语中强势关系代词或强势关系副词whoever,whenever,wherever)等等,翻译时往往使用重复法处理。
 
7、介词的翻译:
 Passengers will please not speak to the man at the wheel.
  请乘客勿与坐在驾驶盘开车的人说话。
 
8、2.在形容词前增加名词
 
1) This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine
   这部打字机真是美。
9、1.对某种时间概念作强调时,往往要加一些词。
 
1) I had known two great social systems.
  那时以前,我就经历两大社会制度。
 
这里除了用“”字外,还增加了“那时以前”,强调过去完成的动作。
 
2) The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.
    原来是老头儿已教会孩子捕鱼,所以孩子很爱他。
 
10、
(七) 增加量词
3) I was extremely worried about her,but this was neither the place nor the time for a lecture or an argument.
    我真替她万分担忧,但此时此地,既不宜教训她一,也不宜与她争论一
 
11、(三) 增补原文比较句中的省略部分
   
1) Better be wise by the defeat(失败) of others than by your own.
    从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。
 
12、1) Happy families also had their own troubles.
    幸福的家庭也有幸福家庭的苦恼。(题目:他们的)
2) Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines.
    强国有强国的策略,小国也有小国的路线。
3) Each country has its own customs.
各国有各国的风俗。
 
13、(二)英语原文中有词的重复,译成汉语有时可以用同义词重复之。
 
l) They would read and re-read the secret notes.
    他们往往一遍又一遍地反复琢磨这些密件。(题目:根据字面译)
2)“I know you hate me and I hate you,we had better part right now.”
    “我知道你我,我也你,咱们最好即刻就分手吧。”
 
14、1) I was admittedly shy.  
我是以腼腆胆怯著称的。
 
4) If this was a time of triumph for the many,it was a painful period for the few.
多数人兴高采烈之日,却是少数人伤心失意之时。
 
15、1.省略并列连接词
1) He looked gloomy and troubled。
   他看上去有些忧愁不安。(题目译出and)
 
16、(2) 省略表示条件的连接词
   
表示条件的连接词if,一般译为“假如”、“如果”等,但在日常口语体或文言文结构中,往往可以省略不译。
 
1) If winter comes,can spring be far behind?
    冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
2) If I had known it,I would not have joined in it.
    早知如此,我就不参加了。
 
17、(2)在译文中从句后置,省略英语关系词所代表的含义。
 
1) After dinnerthe four key negotiators resumed their talkswhich continued well into the night
饭后,四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈,一直谈到深夜
2) He saw in front that haggard white-haired old manwhose eyes flashed red with fury
他看见前面那个憔悴的白发老人,眼睛里愤怒地闪着红光
3) The company therefore sent out teams of service consultants,who customized improvement
programs for its clients
于是公司派出了一些服务小组,分别向客户提出了针对性的改善建议
 
18、() 译成表“让步”的分句
 
1) He insisted on building another housewhich he had no use for
他坚持要再造一幢房子,尽管他并无此需要
2) My assistantwho had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experimentcould not obtain satisfactory resultsbecause he followed them mechanically
虽然我的助手在做试验之前已从头到尾仔细阅读过说明书,但由于他死搬硬套,所以不能得到满意的结果。
3) The task,which seemed to be difficult,was already accomplished in time.
    虽然任务似乎很艰巨,但已及时完成。
 
19、2. They say he is an excellent poet , composing as he goes in the street.
人们说他是个优秀诗人,在街上一边走一边作诗
20、5. Since his method doesn’t work, let’s try yours.
既然他的方法行不通,让我们试一下你的吧。
      (题目:自从他的方法行不通,让我们试一下你的吧。)
 
21() 译成不用关联词而因果关系内含的并列分句
 
l. You took me because I was usefulThere is no question of gratitude between us,”said Rebecca
    我有用,你才收留我。咱们之间谈不到感恩不感恩,”丽贝卡说。
2. After allit did not matter muchsummer vacation is coming
    反正关系不大,暑假即将来临。
3. He was not only surprised butto start withextremely suspiciousas he had every reason to be
他不但惊讶而且首先是十分怀疑,他这样感觉是完全有理由的
 
22、The murderer ran away as fast as he couldso that he might not be caught red-handed
凶手尽快地跑开了,以至于(以免)被人当场抓住
 
23、As she had lots of time,she decided to read a while first.
当她还有许多时间时,(时间还早),她决定先读一会儿报。
 
24、I had been asked. ×我过去已(曾)被人问过
√过去(就)有人问我
√在这之前(就)有人问我
 
25、1、句中被动式译汉语“谓动(及物)十宾语十的是……”式。又如:
 
(1) It was suggested by him.    提出这个建议的是他。
(2) He was questioned by a policeman. 盘问他的是一个警察。
(3) I was recommended by a teacher. 推荐我的是一位老师。
(4) The letter was written by a secretary. 写这封信的是一位秘书。
 
26、1、又如下列各句,注意句中介词和副词小品词:
 
 (1) The picture was painted by Dufy. 这幅画杜菲画的
 (2) The injured were carried off with RAF helicopters. 
  受伤者是由(英)皇家空军的直升飞机运走的
(3) Of course, the best face was put on the affair by his friends, but we were still not convinced.
 当然,他的朋友们把事情说得这么好(),我们仍然不相信的
(4) Not much is wasted in this household:all odds and ends are used up for something.
这一家是浪费不多;所有零零碎碎的东西都是派了用场的
(5) Many documents still remain to be waded through.
需要耐心阅读的文件还是很多的(或:许多文件仍然是需要耐心阅读的)。
(6) She was very put about at it.
  她对这件事在意的
 
28、1、句中被动式译成汉语的“为……所”结构。有时也用“对……所”结构。又如:
 
(1) Such conduct will be looked down upon by all with sense of decency. 
这种行为将所有具有良知的人所蔑视
 (2) As soon as all the facts have been found out we can begin to formulate a theory. 
一旦所有的事实人们所发现,理论即可逐步形成。
 (3) We all realized who that remark was aimed at
我们都知道这个议论究竟而发。(或对谁而发)
 (4) All the buildings were destroyed in a big fire. 
所有建筑物均大火焚毁。
 
29、1、句中be discussed译成“加以讨论”。现代汉语中能与“加以”搭配的动词是不少的,但不是所有同一类型或近义的动词都能与“加以”搭配,比如,我们可以说“加以研究”,但不能说“加以商量”。因此译者必须注意搭配习惯问题。以下句中的被动式均可用“加以”:
 
(1)Principles mean very little unless they are acted up
    原则如果不加以实行就没有什么意义了。
(2)The subject will further be dealt with in Chapter X of this book. 
本书第十章将对这一问题进一步加以探讨
(3)It is no use merely mentioning the fact in passing;it needs to be driven home by emphasis and repetition. 
将这一事实一带而过是无济于事的。需要强调、重复,充分地加以说明
(4)Mistakes must not be covered up. They must be exposed before you can correct them. 
错误不应当加以掩饰,而必须加以揭露,才能得以改正。
(5)Illness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treated with medicine. 
疾病必须先正确诊断,才能用药物加以治疗
 
30、3. She and her husband have been asked out for the eveni ng.
  她和她丈夫今晚应邀赴约去了。
4. I hope I may be pardoned by all of you.
  我希望能得到大家的宽恕
5. The jacket was creased, but the creases will wear out.
  衣服了一些皱,但会慢慢消失的。
6. He has been wedded to translation.
  他与翻译结下了不解之缘。
7. If you are pushed for time you had better give it up though it's your favorite.
  如果你没有时间,你就割爱吧。
8. Installations are reported to have been plagued by many problems.
据报道,已安装的系统到了许多问题。
 
 
31、They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.
    他们根本没有答复,这是不足为奇的
 
32、When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people,we are not merely being polite
    我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。
 
33、141.定语从句译成并列分句时,重复英语_______ (先行)词。
1) He unselfishly contributed his uncommon talents and indefatigable(不知疲倦的,有耐性的,不屈不挠的) spirit to the struggle which today brings them (those aims) with in the reach of a majority of the human race
    他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地献给了这种斗争,这种斗争今天已使人类中大多数人可以达到这些目标。
2) They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for whichin the past, many Chinese have laid down their liveslay down one’s life:为。。。献出生命).
他们正在为实现一个理想而努力,这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的,在过去,许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命
 
341) There is a man downstairs who wants to see you
    楼下有人要见你
2)There were components in that shipment which had varied defects that often resulted in performance failure
    在那批设备中,有些部件发现有不同程度的缺陷.造成了设备经常运转失灵
 
 
 
 
 
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